Dr Christopher Queree has over forty years' consulting experience in transport ticketing, payment and information services. Chris has been working more recently as an independent consultant, contributing to a wide range of international projects. These include account-based smartcard and open payment ticketing schemes, mobile and barcode ticketing, European rail ticketing standards and legislation, and ticketing development strategy. He is a member of the CEN and ISO ITS technical committees and chairs the UIC Technical Group responsible for European passenger ticketing standards. He worked at RSP for several years on rail ticketing, new technologies and service management. Prior to that, he was a consultant at Detica, MVA/Systra and TPA, working on passenger transport and highway information and payment systems in the UK and worldwide.